Caibidil a Cúig / Caibidil a SeachtPrepositional Pronouns (Forainmneacha Réamhfhoclacha) |
These are compounds of preposition and personal pronouns.
They are formed from many different prepositions. (conjugated prepositions = réamhfhocail réimnithe).
- | ag
at/by |
ar
on |
as
out of |
chuig
to |
de
of |
do
to/for |
faoi
under |
fara
next to |
i
in |
I | agam | orm | asam | chugam | díom | dom | fúm | faram | ionam |
you | agat | ort | asat | chugat | díot | duit | fút | farat | ionat |
he | aige | air | as | chuige | de | dó | faoi | fairis | ann |
she | aici | uirthi | aisti | chuici | di | dí | fúithi | farae | inti |
we | againn | orainn | asainn | chugainn | dínn | dúinn | fúinn | farainn | ionainn |
you(pl.) | agaibh | oraibh | asaibh | chugaibh | díbh | daoibh | fúibh | faraibh | ionaibh |
they | acu | orthu | astu | chucu | díobh | dóibh | fúthu | faru | iontu |
- | idir
between |
ionsar
toward |
le
with |
ó
from |
roimh
before |
seach
past |
thar
past |
trí
through |
um
around |
I | (eadram) | ionsorm | liom | uaim | romham | seacham | tharam | tríom | umam |
you | (eadrat) | ionsort | leat | uait | romhat | seachat | tharat | tríot | umat |
he | idir é | ionsair | leis | uaidh | roimhe | seacha | thairis | tríd | uime |
she | (eidirthi) | ionsuirthi | léi | uaithi | roimpi | seichi | thairti | tríthi | uimpi |
we | eadrainn | ionsorainn | linn | uainn | romhainn | seachainn | tharainn | trínn | umainn |
you(pl.) | eadraibh | ionsoraibh | libh | uaibh | romhaibh | seachaibh | tharaibh | tríbh | umaibh |
they | eatarthu | ionsorthu | leo | uathu | rompu | seachu | thartu | tríothu | umpu |
The forms eadram, eadrat, eidirthi are today obsolete and have been replaced by idir mé, idir thú, idir í.
The preposition seach is
rather archaic, it was included to be thorough (and symmetrical :-) .
(in older literature one could find further pronouns, like uas (os = over): uasam, uasat, etc.
As one may note, there are certain rules governing the formation, so all of the 1st person singular ends in -m, all of the 2nd person singular in -t, all of the 1st person plural in -inn, the 2nd person plural in -ibh.
In the 3rd person singular and plural there are various forms, while here once also different accusative and dative forms occurred.
The spelling of the 3rd person plural with -a instead of -u was once common (aca, ortha, etc.)