Caibidil a Cúig: Prepositions (Réamhfhocail)
roimh = before |
Case
roimh requires the dative.
Variations
in Ulster also roimhe, in Munster roim, preceding the article, also roimis.
Initial Mutations
- without article: lenition e.g.: roimh mhaidin = before morning
- with the singular article: eclipsis (except d, t) e.g.: roimh an mbus = before the bus
- only in Munster, also d,t are eclipsed
- in Connacht t-prefix precedes feminine nouns with s-: roimh an tsúil = before the eye
- in Ulster always lenition: roimh an bhus = before the bus
Interrogative
Combinations with personal pronouns
- |
general |
contrast form |
translation |
I |
romham |
romhamsa |
before me |
you |
romhat |
romhatsa |
before you |
he |
roimhe |
roimhesean |
before him |
she |
roimpi |
roimpise |
before her |
we |
romhainn |
romhainne |
before us |
you(pl.) |
romhaibh |
romhaibhse |
before you |
they |
rompu |
rompusan |
before them |
instead of roimhe also roimis (Munster)
Use:
- temporal before: (früher als) , roimh mhaidin = before morning, tá mé roimhe ann = I am here before him
- spatial before: (rare, more common: os comhair)
- with verbs: tar, téigh roimh = to catch, stop , prevent, interrupt
- idiomatic expressions : tá faitíos agam roimh... = I am afraid of..., tá fáilte agam romhat = I welcome you
suas
prepositions
Gramadach na Gaeilge
© Lars Bräsicke 1999
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